Search Results for author: Tom Chou

Found 21 papers, 7 papers with code

A probabilistic model of relapse in drug addiction

no code implementations6 Apr 2024 Sayun Mao, Tom Chou, Maria D'Orsogna

More than 60% of individuals recovering from substance use disorder relapse within one year.

Kinetic theories of state- and generation-dependent cell populations

no code implementations8 Mar 2024 Mingtao Xia, Tom Chou

We formulate a general, high-dimensional kinetic theory describing the internal state (such as gene expression or protein levels) of cells in a stochastically evolving population.

Attribute

Reliable ligand discrimination in stochastic multistep kinetic proofreading: First passage time vs. product counting strategies

1 code implementation7 Feb 2024 Xiangting Li, Tom Chou

We find that loss of fidelity for longer proofreading steps relies on the specific strategy of information extraction and show that in the first-passage time (FPT) discrimination strategy, longer proofreading steps can exponentially improve the accuracy of KPR at the cost of speed.

Specificity

Squared Wasserstein-2 Distance for Efficient Reconstruction of Stochastic Differential Equations

no code implementations21 Jan 2024 Mingtao Xia, Xiangting Li, Qijing Shen, Tom Chou

We provide an analysis of the squared Wasserstein-2 ($W_2$) distance between two probability distributions associated with two stochastic differential equations (SDEs).

A Spectral Approach for Learning Spatiotemporal Neural Differential Equations

no code implementations28 Sep 2023 Mingtao Xia, Xiangting Li, Qijing Shen, Tom Chou

Rapidly developing machine learning methods has stimulated research interest in computationally reconstructing differential equations (DEs) from observational data which may provide additional insight into underlying causative mechanisms.

Stochastic nucleosome disassembly mediated by remodelers and histone fragmentation

1 code implementation6 Sep 2023 Xiangting Li, Tom Chou

The dissociation process can be facilitated by DNA binding proteins or processing molecular motors that compete with histones for histone-DNA contact sites.

Order-of-mutation effects on cancer progression: models for myeloproliferative neoplasm

no code implementations19 Aug 2023 Yue Wang, Blerta Shtylla, Tom Chou

In some patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms, two genetic mutations can be found, JAK2 V617F and TET2.

The role of APOBEC3-induced mutations in the differential evolution of monkeypox virus

no code implementations7 Aug 2023 Xiangting Li, Sara Habibipour, Tom Chou, Otto O. Yang

Recent studies show that newly sampled monkeypox virus (MPXV) genomes exhibit mutations consistent with Apolipoprotein B mRNA Editing Catalytic Polypeptide-like3 (APOBEC3)-mediated editing, compared to MPXV genomes collected earlier.

Overcompensation of transient and permanent death rate increases in age-structured models with cannibalistic interactions

no code implementations1 Mar 2023 Mingtao Xia, Xiangting Li, Tom Chou

There has been renewed interest in understanding the mathematical structure of ecological population models that lead to overcompensation, the process by which a population recovers to a higher level after suffering a permanent increase in predation or harvesting.

Stochastic dynamics and ribosome-RNAP interactions in Transcription-Translation Coupling

1 code implementation10 Jul 2022 Xiangting Li, Tom Chou

Such transcription-translation coupling (TTC) has been evoked as a mechanism that speeds up the overall process, provides protection during the transcription, and/or regulates the timing of transcript and protein formation.

Translation

A mathematical model of reward-mediated learning in drug addiction

no code implementations22 May 2022 Tom Chou, Maria D'Orsogna

Substances of abuse are known to activate and disrupt neuronal circuits in the brain reward system.

Mathematical Characterization of Private and Public Immune Repertoire Sequences

1 code implementation18 May 2022 Lucas Böttcher, Sascha Wald, Tom Chou

Complementing the results on simulated repertoires, we derive explicit expressions for the richness and its uncertainty for specific, single-parameter truncated power-law probability distributions.

Spectrally Adapted Physics-Informed Neural Networks for Solving Unbounded Domain Problems

1 code implementation6 Feb 2022 Mingtao Xia, Lucas Böttcher, Tom Chou

We propose a solution to such problems by combining two classes of numerical methods: (i) adaptive spectral methods and (ii) physics-informed neural networks (PINNs).

Density- and elongation speed-dependent error correction in RNA polymerization

no code implementations9 Mar 2021 Xinzhe Zuo, Tom Chou

Backtracking of RNA polymerase (RNAP) is an important pausing mechanism during DNA transcription that is part of the error correction process that enhances transcription fidelity.

Using excess deaths and testing statistics to improve estimates of COVID-19 mortalities

1 code implementation10 Jan 2021 Lucas Böttcher, Maria D'Orsogna, Tom Chou

We find that the average excess death across the entire US is 13$\%$ higher than the number of reported COVID-19 deaths.

PDE models of adder mechanisms in cellular proliferation

no code implementations27 Mar 2020 Mingtao Xia, Chris D. Greenman, Tom Chou

Existence and uniqueness of weak solutions to our 2+1-dimensional PDE model are proved, leading to the convergence of the discretized numerical solutions and allowing us to numerically compute the dynamics of cell population densities.

How heterogeneous thymic output and homeostatic proliferation shape naive T cell receptor clone abundance distributions

no code implementations18 Jun 2019 Renaud Dessalles, Yunbei Pan, Mingtao Xia, Davide Maestrini, Maria R. D'Orsogna, Tom Chou

Using a mean-field approximation to the solution of a regulated birth-death-immigration model and a modification arising from sampling, we systematically quantify how TCR-dependent heterogeneities in immigration and proliferation rates affect the shape of clone abundance distributions (the number of different clones that are represented by a specific number of cells, or "clone counts").

Quantifying the Sensitivity of HIV-1 Viral Entry to Receptor and Coreceptor Expression

no code implementations8 May 2018 Bhaven Mistry, Maria R. D'Orsogna, Nicholas E. Webb, Benhur Lee, Tom Chou

The early steps of membrane fusion and viral capsid entry are mediated by adsorption to the cell surface, and receptor and coreceptor binding.

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